IRVING R. KAUFMAN, Circuit Judge:
Subject matter jurisdiction is the sine qua non of the exercise of power by a federal court. One purpose of Rule 11 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure is to prevent an attorney from haling a party into federal court without having performed, at the very least, a reasonable inquiry into the jurisdictional underpinning of the lawsuit.
The facts necessary for our decision are undisputed. In May 1987, International...
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