BEEZER, Circuit Judge:
Gerald Inouye, Edwin Madamba, Gordon Yabui and Gilbert Madrid appeal their convictions under 18 U.S.C. §§ 1962(c), 1962(d) and 1955 for illegal gambling and racketeering. Madamba appeals his conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 1951 for extortion. Inouye and Yabui appeal their convictions under 18 U.S.C. § 1623 for making false material declarations before a grand jury.
Each appellant claims that an ex parte communication...
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