CARLIN COMMUNICATIONS, INC., Sapphire of Arizona, Inc., Joy Communications of California Inc., Lynx Communications of California Inc., Sable Communications of California Inc., Sapphire of Colorado Inc., Sapphire Communications of Florida, Inc., Sapphire Communications of Georgia Inc., Sapphire of Iowa, Inc., Sapphire Communications of Kentucky Inc., Sapphire of Louisiana Inc., Joy Communications of Maryland Inc., Sapphire Communications of Maryland Inc., Joy Communications of Michigan Inc., Sapphire of Michigan Inc., Sapphire of Minnesota Inc., Sapphire of Nebraska Inc., Sapphire of Nevada Inc., Sapphire of Oregon Inc., Joy Communications of Pennsylvania Inc., Sapphire Communications of Pennsylvania Inc., Sapphire Communications of Texas Inc., Sapphire of Virginia Inc., Sapphire of Washington Inc., and Sapphire of Washington D.C. Inc., Petitioners,
v.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION and The United States of America, Respondents,
Ameritech Operating Companies, American Telephone and Telegraph Co., BellSouth Corporation, Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Co. and South Central Bell Telephone Co. ("BellSouth Companies"), Bell Atlantic, and Pacific Bell, Intervenors.
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.https://leagle.com/images/logo.png
Argued September 21, 1987.
Decided January 15, 1988.
As Modified on Denial of Rehearing April 4, 1988.
Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
Norman S. Beier, New York City (Lawrence E. Abelman, Peter J. Lynfield, Carldad Pineiro Scordato, Abelman Frayne Rezac & Schwab, New York City, of counsel), for petitioners.
Diane S. Killory, General Counsel, F.C.C. (Daniel M. Armstrong, Associate General Counsel, Sue Ann Preskill, Counsel, F.C.C., Washington, D.C.; Richard K. Willard, Asst. Atty. Gen., Barbara L. Herwig, John C. Hoyle, Dept. of Justice, Washington, D.C., of counsel), for respondents.
Alfred Winchell Whittaker, Kirkland & Ellis, Washington, D.C., for intervenor Ameritech Operating Co.
Jim G. Kilpatric, Basking Ridge, N.J., for intervenor American Tele. & Tele. Co.
R. Frost Branon, Jr., BellSouth Corp., Atlanta, Ga., for intervenor BellSouth.
John M. Goodman, Bell Atlantic, Washington, D.C., for intervenor Bell Atlantic.
Michael H. Salinsky, Pillsbury, Madison & Sutro, San Francisco, Cal., for intervenor Pacific Bell.
Robert T. Perry, Media Law Clinic, New York Law School, New York City (Connie Moyer-Goodman, John W. Olivo, Jr., Ellen Rossner, Student Interns, of counsel), for amicus curiae New York Civ. Liberties Union.
Before OAKES and KEARSE, Circuit Judges, and BONSAL, District Judge.
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.
OAKES, Circuit Judge:
The Federal Communications Commission ("Commission" or "FCC") has once again issued regulations establishing a defense to prosecution under section 223(b) of the Federal Communications Commission Authorization Act of 1983, 47 U.S.C. § 223(b) (Supp. I 1983), which regulates interstate "dial-a-porn" services. The Commission adopted the Third Report and Order, Enforcement of Prohibitions Against the Use of Common Carriers for the Transmission...
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