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VA. ACADEMY OF CLINICAL PSY. v. BLUE SHIELD OF VA.

No. 79-1345.

624 F.2d 476 (1980)

VIRGINIA ACADEMY OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGISTS, and Robert J. Resnick, Ph.D., Appellants, v. BLUE SHIELD OF VIRGINIA, Blue Shield of Southwestern Virginia, and Neuropsychiatric Society of Virginia, Inc., Appellees, American Psychological Association, Amicus Curiae.

United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.

Decided June 16, 1980.

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Warwick R. Furr, II, Vienna, Va. (Thomas M. Brownell, Lewis, Mitchell & Moore, Timothy J. Bloomfield, Alan J. Kriegel, Dunnells, Duvall, Bennett & Porter, Washington, D.C., on brief), for appellants.

Joel I. Klein, Washington, D.C. (Eugene Comey, H. Bartow Farr, III, Rogovin, Stern & Huge, Washington, D.C., R. Gordon Smith, Gilbert E. Schill, Jr., James H. Walsh, McGuire, Woods & Battle, Richmond, Va., Ronald M. Ayers, Heman A. Marshall, III, Woods, Rogers, Muse, Walker & Thornton, Roanoke, Va., Francis J. Prior, Jr., Siciliano, Ellis, Sheridan & Dyer, Arlington, Va., on brief), for appellees.

Before HALL and PHILLIPS, Circuit Judges, and HOWARD, District Judge.

K. K. HALL, Circuit Judge:

This controversy arises over the refusal by defendants Blue Shield of Virginia and Blue Shield of Southwestern Virginia to pay for services rendered by clinical psychologists unless such services are billed through a physician. Plaintiffs Virginia Academy of Clinical Psychologists and Dr. Robert J. Resnick, a practicing clinical psychologist, claim that this policy violates Section 1 of the Sherman Act. 15 U.S.C. § 1. The district court...

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