Defendant John Irwin Crowe appeals from a conviction, following jury verdict, of assault by means of force likely to produce great bodily harm (Pen. Code, § 245, subd. (a)) and robbery (Pen. Code, § 211). The jury determined the robbery to be of the second degree. (Pen. Code, § 211a.)
The principal issue of the case turns on defendant's contention that the trial court's conduct of the
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