BERNSTEIN v. VIRGIN AMERICA, INC.

Nos. 19-15382 20-15186.

990 F.3d 1157 (2021)

Julia BERNSTEIN; Esther Garcia; Lisa Marie Smith, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. VIRGIN AMERICA, INC.; Alaska Airlines, Inc., Defendants-Appellants.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed February 23, 2021.

Amended March 8, 2021.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Shay Dvoretzky (argued), Skadden Arps Slate Meagher & Flom LLP, Washington, D.C.; Douglas W. Hall , and Anthony J. Dick , Jones Day, Washington, D.C.; David J. Feder , Jones Day, Los Angeles, California; Robert Jon Hendricks and Brendan T. Killeen , Morgan Lewis & Bockius LLP, San Francisco, California; for Defendants-Appellants.

Charles J. Cooper (argued), Peter A. Patterson , and John D. Ohlendorf , Cooper & Kirk PLLC, Washington, D.C.; Monique Olivier (argued), Olivier Schreiber & Chao LLP, San Francisco, California; James E. Miller , Shepherd Finkelman Miller & Shah LLP, Chester, Connecticut; Alison Kosinski , Kosinski & Thiagaraj LLP, San Francisco, California; for Plaintiffs-Appellees.

Jennifer L. Utrecht (argued) and Mark B. Stern , Appellate Staff; Joseph H. Hunt , Assistant Attorney General; Civil Division, United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C.; Steven G. Bradbury , General Counsel; Paul M. Geier , Assistant General Counsel; Charles E. Enloe , Trial Attorney; United States Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C.; Arjun Garg , Chief Counsel; Jonathan W. Cross , Senior Attorney; Federal Aviation Administration; for Amicus Curiae United States.

Anton Metlitsky and Kendall Turner , O'Melveny & Myers LLP, New York, New York; Chris Hollinger and Adam KohSweeney , O'Melveny & Myers LLP, San Francisco, California; Patricia N. Vercelli , Airlines for America, Washington, D.C.; Jeffrey N. Shane , International Air Transport Association, Geneva, Switzerland; for Amici Curiae Airlines for America and International Air Transport Association.

Adam G. Unikowsky , Jenner & Block LLP, Washington, D.C.; Steven P. Lehotsky and Janet Galeria , U.S. Chamber Litigation Center, Washington, D.C., for Amicus Curiae Chamber of Commerce of the United States.

Sarah Pierce Wimberly , Andrew Duncan McClintock , and Jessica Lynn Asbridge , Ford Harrison LLP, Atlanta, Georgia, for Amicus Curiae Regional Airline Association.

Robert W. Ferguson , Attorney General; Anastasia Sandstrom , Senior Counsel; Office of the Attorney General, Seattle, Washington; Phil Weiser , Attorney General, Denver, Colorado; William Tong , Attorney General, Hartford, Connecticut, Kathleen Jennings , Attorney General, Wilmington, Delaware; Karl A. Racine , Attorney General, Washington, D.C.; Clare E. Connors , Attorney General, Honolulu, Hawaii; Kwame Raoul , Attorney General, Springfield, Illinois; Aaron M. Frey , Attorney General, Augusta, Maine; Maura Healey , Attorney General, Boston, Massachusetts; Brian E. Frosh , Attorney General, Baltimore, Maryland; Keith Ellison , Attorney General, St. Paul, Minnesota; Jim Hood , Attorney General, Jackson, Mississippi; Aaron D. Ford , Attorney General, Carson City, Nevada; Gurbir S. Grewal , Attorney General, Trenton, New Jersey; Letitia James , Attorney General, New York, New York; Josh Stein , Attorney General, Raleigh, North Carolina; Ellen F. Rosenblum , Attorney General, Salem, Oregon; Josh Shapiro , Attorney General, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Thomas J. Donovan Jr. , Attorney General, Montpelier, Vermont; Mark R. Herring , Attorney General, Richmond, Virginia; for Amici Curiae Washington, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and Virginia.

Xavier Becerra , Attorney General; Satoshi Yanai , Supervising Deputy Attorney General; Mana Barari , Deputy Attorney General; California Department of Justice, Los Angeles, California; for Amicus Curiae State of California.

Kathleen P. Barnard , Darin M. Dalmat , and Kelly Ann Skahan , Barnard Iglitzin & Lavitt LLP, Seattle, Washington, for Amicus Curiae Association of Flight Attendants-Communication Workers of America, AFL-CIO.

Before: J. CLIFFORD WALLACE and MILAN D. SMITH, JR., Circuit Judges, and ROBERT S. LASNIK, District Judge.


ORDER

The opinion filed on February 23, 2021 is amended by the Amended Opinion filed in its place concurrently with this order.

OPINION

This case requires us to determine whether certain provisions of the California Labor Code apply to an interstate transportation company's relationship with its...

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