DOE v. CVS PHARMACY, INC.

No. 19-15074.

982 F.3d 1204 (2020)

John DOE, One; John Doe, Two; John Doe, Three; John Doe, Four; on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated; John Doe, Five, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. CVS PHARMACY, INC.; Caremark, LLC; Caremark California Specialty Pharmacy, LLC; National Railroad Passenger Corporation, dba Amtrak; Lowe's Companies, Inc.; Time Warner, Inc., Defendants-Appellees, and Caremark RX, LLC; CVS Health Corporation, Defendants.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Submitted December 1, 2020 San Francisco, California.

Filed December 9, 2020.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Jerry Flanagan (argued), Benjamin Powell , and Daniel L. Sternberg , Consumer Watchdog, Los Angeles, California; Alan M. Mansfield , Whatley Kallas LLP, San Diego, California; Henry C. Quillen , Whatley Kallas LLP, Portsmouth, New Hampshire; Edith M. Kallas , Whatley Kallas LLP, New York, New York; for Plaintiffs-Appellants.

Craig D. Singer (argued), Enu Mainigi , Grant A. Geyerman , and Sarah Lochner O'Connor , Williams & Connolly LLP, Washington, D.C.; Tami S. Smason , Foley & Lardner LLP, Los Angeles, California; for Defendants-Appellees CVS Pharmacy, Inc.; Caremark, LLC; and Caremark California Specialty Pharmacy, LLC.

Phillip J. Eskenazi (argued), Kirk A. Hornbeck , and Christopher M. Butler , Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP, Los Angeles, California, for Defendant-Appellee Lowe's Companies, Inc.

Michael Bernstein , Robinson & Cole LLP, New York, New York; Jean E. Tomasco , Robinson & Cole LLP, Hartford, Connecticut; for Defendant-Appellee Time Warner, Inc.

Brian W. Shaffer , Morgan Lewis Bockius LLP, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Elise M. Attridge and Seane McMahan , Morgan Lewis Bockius LLP, Washington, D.C.; for Defendant-Appellee National Railroad Passenger Corporation.

Jeffrey Blend , Tom Myers , and Arti Bhimani , AIDS Healthcare Foundation, Los Angeles, California, as and for Amicus Curiae.

Carly A. Myers , Silvia Yee , and Arlene B. Mayerson , Disability Rights Education & Defense Fund, Berkeley, California, for Amici Curiae Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund, Disability Rights Advocates, Disability Rights California, Disability Rights Legal Center, National Health Law Program, and American Civil Liberties Union.

Before: MILAN D. SMITH, JR. and ANDREW D. HURWITZ, Circuit Judges, and TIMOTHY M. BURGESS, District Judge.


OPINION

Does I-V (Does) are individuals living with HIV/AIDS who have employer-sponsored health plans, and who rely on those plans to obtain prescription drugs. Until recently, Does could fill their prescriptions at community pharmacies, where they were able to consult knowledgeable pharmacists who were familiar...

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