IN RE UNDER SEAL

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

ARGUED: Ian James Samuel , New York, New York, for Appellants. Andrew Peterson , Office of the United States Attorney, Alexandria, Virginia, for Appellee. ON BRIEF: Jesse R. Binnall , Bronley & Binnall, PLLC, Fairfax, Virginia; Marcia Hofmann , Law Office of Marcia Hofmann, San Francisco, California; David Warrington , Laurin Mills , Leclairryan, Alexandria, Virginia, for Appellants. Mythili Raman , Acting Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Division, Nathan Judish , Josh Goldfoot , Benjamin Fitzpatrick , Brandon Van Grack , United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C.; Dana J. Boente , Acting United States Attorney, Michael Ben'Ary , James L. Trump , Office of the United States Attorney, Alexandria, Virginia, for Appellee. Alexander A. Abdo , Brian M. Hauss , Catherine Crump , Nathan F. Wessler , Ben Wizner , American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, New York, New York; Rebecca K. Glenberg , American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia Foundation, Inc., Richmond, Virginia, for Amici American Civil Liberties Union and ACLU of Virginia. Kurt Opsahl , Jennifer Lynch , Hanni Fakhoury , Electronic Frontier Foundation, San Francisco, California, for Amicus Electronic Frontier Foundation. Richard M. Martinez , Mahesha P. Subbaraman , Robins, Kaplan, Miller & Ciresi, L.L.P., Minneapolis, Minnesota, for Amicus Empeopled, LLC.

Affirmed by published opinion. Judge AGEE wrote the opinion, in which Judge NIEMEYER and Judge GREGORY joined.