PADILLA v. HANFT

No. 05-6396.

423 F.3d 386 (2005)

Jose PADILLA, Petitioner—Appellee, v. C.T. HANFT, U.S.N. Commander, Consolidated Naval Brig., Respondent—Appellant. Washington Legal Foundation; the Allied Educational Foundation, Amici Supporting Appellant, National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers; Comparative Law Scholars and Experts on the Laws of the United Kingdom and Israel; People for the American Way Foundation and the Rutherford Institute; the Brennan Center for Justice at the New York University School of Law; American Civil Liberties Union; New York Civil Liberties Union; American Civil Liberties Union of South Carolina; American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia; Original Congressional Sponsors of 18 U.S.C. Section 4001(A); Janet Reno; Philip B. Heymann; Eric H. Holder, Jr.; Jeffrey H. Smith; Center for National Security Studies; Constitution Project, Amici Supporting Appellee.

United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.

Decided: September 9, 2005.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

ARGUED: Paul Clement, United States Department of Justice, Department of the Solicitor, Washington, D.C., for Appellant. Andrew G. Patel, New York, New York, for Appellee. ON BRIEF: Jonathan S. Gasser, United States Attorney, Office of the United States Attorney, Columbia, South Carolina; Miller W. Shealy, Jr., Assistant United States Attorney, Office of the United States Attorney, Charleston, South Carolina; David B. Salmons, Assistant to the Solicitor General, Daryl Joseffer, Assistant to the Solicitor General, Stephan E. Oestreicher, Jr., United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for Appellant. Jenny S. Martinez, Stanford, California; Michael P. O'Connell, Stirling & O'Connell, Charleston, South Carolina; Donna R. Newman, New York, New York; Jonathan M. Freiman, Wiggin and Dana, L.L.P., New Haven, Connecticut, for Appellee. Daniel J. Popeo, Richard A. Samp, Washington Legal Foundation, Washington, D.C., for Amici Curiae, Washington Legal Foundation and The Allied Educational Foundation, Supporting Appellant. Steven D. Benjamin, Benjamin & Desportes, P.C., Richmond, Virginia; Donald G. Rehkopf, Jr., Brenna & Brenna, P.L.L.C., Rochester, New York, for Amicus Curiae, National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Supporting Appellee. David N. Rosen, David Rosen & Associates, P.C., New Haven, Connecticut; Mary J. Hahn, Allard K. Lowenstein International Human Rights Clinic, New Haven, Connecticut, for Amicus Curiae, Comparative Law Scholars and Experts on the Laws of the United Kingdom and Israel, Supporting Appellee. Elliot M. Mincberg, Deborah Liu, People for the American Way Foundation, Washington, D.C.; John W. Whitehead, the Rutherford Institute, Charlottesville, Virginia; Mark E. Haddad, Joseph R. Guerra, Robert N. Hochman, Chad W. Pekron, Sidley, Austin, Brown & Wood, L.L.P., Washington, D.C., for Amici Curiae, People for the American Way Foundation and The Rutherford Institute, Supporting Appellee. Serrin Turner, Burt Neuborne, Brennan Center for Justice, New York University School of Law, New York, New York, for Amicus Curiae, The Brennan Center for Justice at the New York University School of Law, Supporting Appellee. Ann Beeson, American Civil Liberties Union Foundation, New York, New York; Denyse Williams, Aclu of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; Arthur N. Eisenberg, New York Civil Liberties Union Foundation, New York, New York; Rebecca K. Glenberg, Aclu of Virginia Foundation, Richmond, Virginia, for Amici Curiae, American Civil Liberties Union, New York Civil Liberties Union, American Civil Liberties Union of South Carolina, American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia, Incorporated, Supporting Appellee. Matthew S. Dontzin, Brian S. Koukoutchos, Fiona M. Doherty, the Dontzin Law Firm, L.L.P., New York, New York, for Amici Curiae, Original Congressional Sponsors of 18 U.S.C. Section 4001(A), Supporting Appellee. Julia C. Ambrose, Katherine E. Stern, Jones Day, Washington, D.C.; Deborah N. Pearlstein, Avidan Y. Cover, Human Rights First, New York, New York, for Amici Curiae, Janet Reno, Philip B. Heymann, Eric H. Holder, Jr., and Jeffrey H. Smith, Supporting Appellee. Kate Martin, Center for National Security Studies, Washington, D.C. Joseph Onek, the Constitution Project, Washington, D.C.; Paul R.Q. Wolfson, Wilmer, Cutler, Pickering, Hale and Dorr, L.L.P., Washington, D.C.; Kate Hutchins, Wilmer, Cutler, Pickering, Hale and Dorr, L.L.P., New York, New York, for Amici Curiae, Center for National Security Studies and Constitution Project, Supporting Appellee.

Before LUTTIG, MICHAEL, and TRAXLER, Circuit Judges.


Reversed by published opinion. Judge LUTTIG wrote the opinion for the Court, in which Judge MICHAEL and Judge TRAXLER joined.

LUTTIG, Circuit Judge.

Appellee Jose Padilla, a United States citizen, associated with forces hostile to the United States in Afghanistan and took up arms against United States forces in that country in our war against al Qaeda. Upon his escape to Pakistan from the battlefield in Afghanistan, Padilla was recruited, trained, funded,...

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