RAY v. HENDERSON

No. 99-15289.

217 F.3d 1234 (2000)

William J. RAY, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. William J. HENDERSON, Postmaster General, Defendant-Appellee.

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Filed July 7, 2000.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Erik A. Rapoport, San Francisco, California, for the plaintiff-appellant.

Debora G. Luther, Assistant United States Attorney, Sacramento, California, for the defendant-appellee.

Before: FLETCHER, ALARCON, and HAWKINS, Circuit Judges.


FLETCHER, Circuit Judge:

In this case we are called upon to determine whether William J. Ray suffered adverse employment actions after complaining of harassment at his workplace. We hold that in our circuit an adverse employment action is adverse treatment that is reasonably likely to deter employees from engaging in protected activity. Under this standard, we conclude that Ray suffered cognizable adverse employment actions when his employer, in retaliation for Ray...

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