GTE SOUTH, INCORPORATED, Plaintiff-Appellant, and
United States of America, Intervenor-Plaintiff,
v.
Theodore V. MORRISON, Jr.; Hullihen W. Moore; I. Clinton Miller, in their official capacities as Commissioners of the Virginia State Corporation Commission; Cox Fibernet Commercial Services, Incorporated; AT & T Communications of Virginia, Incorporated; MCI Telecommunications Corporation; MCImetro Access Transmission Services of Virginia, Incorporated, Defendants-Appellees, and
Attorney General of the Commonwealth of Virginia, Intervenor-Defendant.
United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.https://leagle.com/images/logo.png
Argued June 8, 1999.
Decided December 15, 1999.
Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
ARGUED: Steven Gill Bradbury, Kirkland & Ellis, Washington, D.C., for Appellant. Donald Beaton Verrilli, Jr., Jenner & Block, Washington, D.C.; Robert A. Dybing, Shuford, Rubin & Gibney, Richmond, Virginia, for Appellees. ON BRIEF: Paul T. Cappuccio, Brett M. Kavanaugh, Patrick F. Philbin, Theodore W. Ullyot, Kirkland & Ellis, Washington, D.C.; William P. Barr, Ward W. Wueste, Jr., M. Edward Whelan, III, GTE Service Corporation, Washington, D.C.; Richard D. Gary, Edward J. Fuhr, Paul E. Mirengoff, Robert R. Merhige, IV, Richard B. Harper, Hunton & Williams, Richmond, Virginia, for Appellant. Maureen F. Del Duca, Jodie L. Kelley, Jenner & Block, Washington, D.C.; Thomas F. O'Neil, III, William Single, IV, Matthew B. Pachman, MCI Worldcom, Inc., Washington, D.C.; John A. Gibney, Jr., Shuford, Rubin & Gibney, Richmond, Virginia; James C. Dimitri, William H. Chambliss, State Corporation Commission, Richmond, Virginia; Michael W. Smith, E. Ford Stephens, Christian & Barton, L.L.P., Richmond, Virginia; John J. Langhauser, Wilma R. McCarey, AT & T Communications of Virginia, Inc., Oakton, Virginia; James C. Roberts, George A. Somerville, Dabney J. Carr, IV, Mays & Valentine, L.L.P., Richmond, Virginia; David Carpenter, David Lawson, Sidley & Austin, Washington, D.C., for Appellees. Stephen W. Preston, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Helen F. Fahey, United States Attorney, Mark B. Stern, Susan L. Pacholski, Appellate Staff, Civil Division, United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C.; Christopher J. Wright, General Counsel, John E. Ingle, Deputy Associate General Counsel, Stewart A. Block, Brian M. Hoffstadt, Federal Communications Commission, Washington, D.C., for Amicus Curiae.
Before MICHAEL, Circuit Judge; HOWARD, United States District Judge for the Eastern District of North Carolina, sitting by designation; and FRIEDMAN, United States District Judge for the Eastern District of Virginia, sitting by designation.
United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.
Affirmed by published opinion. Judge MICHAEL wrote the opinion, in which Judge HOWARD and Judge FRIEDMAN joined.
OPINION
MICHAEL, Circuit Judge:
The Telecommunications Act of 1996, Pub.L. 104-104, 110 Stat. 56, codified at 47 U.S.C. § 251 et seq. (sometimes, the Act), requires local telephone companies, heretofore monopolies, to make their facilities and services available to would-be competitors at negotiated prices or, if negotiations...
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