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KOLSTAD v. AMERICAN DENTAL ASSN.

No. 98-208.

527 U.S. 526 (1999)

KOLSTAD v. AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION

United States Supreme Court.

Decided June 22, 1999.

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Eric Schnapper argued the cause for petitioner. With him on the briefs was Joseph A. Yablonski.

Solicitor General Waxman argued the cause for the United States et al. as amici curiae in support of petitioner. With him on the brief were Acting Assistant Attorney General Lee, Deputy Solicitor General Underwood, Patricia A. Millett, Dennis J. Dimsey, Gregory B. Friel, C. Gregory Stewart, Philip B. Sklover, and Robert J. Gregory.

Raymond C. Fay argued the cause for respondent. With him on the brief were Stephen D. Shawe, Bruce S. Harrison, and Peter M. Sfikas.*

O'Connor, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, Part I of which was unanimous, Part II—A of which was joined by Stevens, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Ginsburg, and Breyer, JJ., and Part II—B of which was joined by Rehnquist, C. J., and Scalia, Kennedy, and Thomas, JJ. Rehnquist, C. J., filed an opinion concurring in part and dissenting in part, in which Thomas, J., joined, p. 547. Stevens, J., filed an opinion concurring in part and dissenting in part, in which Souter, Ginsburg, and Breyer, JJ., joined, p. 547.

Justice O'Connor, delivered the opinion of the Court.

Under the terms of the Civil Rights Act of 1991 (1991 Act), 105 Stat. 1071, punitive damages are available in claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII), 78 Stat. 253, as amended, 42 U. S. C. § 2000e et seq. (1994 ed. and Supp. III), and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), 104 Stat. 328, 42 U. S. C. § 12101 et seq. Punitive damages are limited, however...

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