MILWAUKEE BRANCH OF THE N.A.A.C.P. v. THOMPSON

No. 96-3315.

116 F.3d 1194 (1997)

MILWAUKEE BRANCH OF THE N.A.A.C.P., et al., Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. Tommy THOMPSON, Governor of Wisconsin, et al., Defendants-Appellees, and Wisconsin Association of Trial Judges, et al., Intervenors-Appellees.

United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit.

Decided July 3, 1997.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Richard Saks, Perry, Lerner & Quindel, Milwaukee, WI, Willie Abrams, Dennis Courtland Hayes, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, General Counsel, Baltimore, MD, Brenda Wright (argued), Todd A. Cox, Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights under Law, Washington, DC, for Plaintiffs-Appellants.

Peter C. Anderson (argued), Kathleen M. Falk, Office of the Attorney General, Wisconsin Department of Justice, Madison, WI, for Board of Election Commissioners, Milwaukee County, Board of Election Commissioners of the City of Milwaukee, James R. Edgar, Fred A. Risser.

Thomas L. Shriner, Jr., Richard M. Esenberg (argued), Michael J. Aprahamian, Foley & Lardner, Milwaukee, WI, for Wisconsin Trial Judges Association, Patrick T. Sheedy, Frederick Henderson.

David K. Flynn, Rebecca K. Troth (argued), Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, Appellate Section, Washington, DC, for Amicus Curiae.

Before FLAUM, EASTERBROOK, and EVANS, Circuit Judges.


EASTERBROOK, Circuit Judge.

Milwaukee County in Wisconsin elects 46 judges to the circuit court, its trial court of general jurisdiction, and 4 judges to the state's court of appeals. Elections are held at large. Each candidate for the circuit court runs for a numbered post, called a branch, though every trial judge has countywide jurisdiction. When this suit began, 3 of the 46 seats on the circuit court, and none of the 4 on the appellate court, were held by black...

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