JOHNSON v. MORTHAM

No. TCA 94-40025-MMP.

926 F.Supp. 1460 (1996)

Andrew E. JOHNSON, et al., Plaintiffs, v. Sandra MORTHAM, etc., et al., Defendants.

United States District Court, N.D. Florida, Tallahassee Division.

As Modified June 6, 1996.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Rod Sullivan, Pro Hac Vice, Alan B. Vlcek, P.A., Jacksonville, FL, Gerald J. Sullivan, Jr., Gerald J. Sullivan, P.A., Jacksonville, FL, for Andrew E. Johnson.

Gerald J. Sullivan, Jr., Gerald J. Sullivan, P.A., Jacksonville, FL, for Thomas S. Bloodworth, Charles Henry Bloodworth, III, Bill Boyer, Frances G. Brown, Robert T. Conner, Harold F. Davis, Arthur Wilson Devoe, Robert Ellison, George Erdel, Paul Farley, Sue Hall, Hugh Milton Hays, Hugh Milton Hays, Sr., Carson Thomas Howes, Jr., Ron Jackson, Carolyn Janice Johnson, Coranell H. Johnson, Susan M. Lamb, Jim Lewis, Pat Mathis, Cynthia McKinney, Daniel McKinney, Jim Neill, Tommy Praeter, Charles Romero, Vicki T. Romero, Dana Wine.

George L. Waas, Attorney General's Office, Department of Legal Affairs, Tallahassee, FL, Brenda Wright, Pro Hac Vice, Jackqueline A. Berrien, Pro Hac Vice, Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Washington, DC, Gerald B. Curington, General Counsel, House of Representatives, Tallahassee, FL, for Jim Smith.

Stephen N. Zack, Pro Hac Vice, Stephen N. Zack, Miami, FL, Brenda Wright, Pro Hac Vice, Jackqueline A. Berrien, Pro Hac Vice, Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Washington, DC, Gerald B. Curington, General Counsel, House of Representatives, Tallahassee, FL, for Pat Thomas.

Richard A. Hixson, Richard A. Hixson, P.A., Tallahassee, FL, Thomas R. Tedcastle, Florida House of Representatives, Tallahassee, FL, Stephen N. Zack, Pro Hac Vice, Miami, FL, Brenda Wright, Pro Hac Vice, Jackqueline A. Berrien, Pro Hac Vice, Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Washington, DC, Gerald B. Curington, General Counsel, House of Representatives, Tallahassee, FL, B. Elaine New, General Counsel, House of Representatives, Tallahassee, FL, for Bolley L. Johnson.

George L. Waas, Attorney General's Office, Department of Legal Affairs, Tallahassee, FL, David Alan Tepper, Department of State, Office of the General Counsel, Tallahassee, FL, for Sandra Mortham.

Brenda Wright, Pro Hac Vice, Todd A. Cox, Pro Hac Vice, Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Washington, DC, for Frank Cummings.

Brenda Wright, Pro Hac Vice, Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Washington, DC, for Samuel L. Green, Sr., Leonard O'Neal, Glynell Presley, Mary Lawson Brown.

Rodney G. Gregory, Rodney G. Gregory, P.A., Jacksonville, FL, J. Gerald Hebert, Pro Hac Vice, J. Gerald Hebert, P.A., Alexandria, VA, for Corrine Brown.

Charles G. Burr, Charles G. Burr, P.A., Tampa, FL, for Florida State Conference of NAACP Branches.

Before HATCHETT, Circuit Judge, PAUL, Chief District Judge, and VINSON, District Judge.


FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW

BY THE COURT:

This case arises from the 1992 Florida congressional redistricting process in which a three-judge federal court established a number of districts with racial or ethnic minorities constituting a majority of the voting age population. Plaintiffs are white and hispanic voters who raise an equal protection challenge to Florida's Third Congressional District under the authority of Shaw v. Reno,<...

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