REICH v. STATE OF NEW YORK

Nos. 1585, 1586, Dockets 93-6005, 93-7027.

3 F.3d 581 (1993)

Robert B. REICH, Secretary of the United States Department of Labor, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. STATE OF NEW YORK, Defendant-Appellant. Gerald J. LONG; Paul L. Piwinski; Denis J. Donovan; Robert P. Faynor; John J. Tonzi; Donald E. Brandstetter; Douglas C. Field, individually and on behalf of others similarly situated; John F. Ahern; William M. Ambler; Daniel J. Arcuri; Norman Ashbarry; Niles J. Balch; Jack R. Baum; Robert L. Boek; Robert T. Bramhall, Sr.; Charles T. Brown; Michael D. Byrne; Joel H. Campbell; Thomas P. Canastar; Nicholas A. Cerro; Denis J. Cimbal; Gary J. Corbett; Albert Cukierski; Gary J. Darstein; Dean C. Decker; Orlando M. D'Ella; Dominick DePaola, Jr.; Robert S. Dibble; Dennis P. Dougherty; Daniel D. Evans; Keith R. Fairchild; Russell C. Francis; Emanuel S. Friedman; Robert M. Fritzen; Dominick A. Froio, Jr.; Donald C. Geary; John W. Graham; Douglas E. Herrmann; Stanley A. Jung; Evelyn R. Kendrick; Robert J. Killough; Pascuale D. Lagatta; William L. Lefort; James E. Mathews; Norman J. Mattice; John R. Morlock; Lawrence J. Moylan; Christopher M. Murphy; Richard M. Owens; David Neil Paul; Leland J. Pavlot; Allen D. Piontkowski; Mario J. Restante; Eugene L. Rifenburg; James L. Rogers; Richard J. Sauer; Thomas L. Sears; William D. Slaughter; Douglas B. Smith; Roger W. Sykes; Scott W. Todd; Matthew A. Tynan; Michael Visco; Cornelius R. Walsh, Jr.; Robert D. Warner; Dexter B. Wassall; Stanley E. Weidman; Gerald J. Wendt; Milton A. White; Michael J. Yuzwak; John M. Moran; Christopher G. Allen; Thomas E. Alston, III; Craig Baldwin; Richard O. Bates; Lyle E. Baxter; Donald W. Berberich; Robert L. Beswick; Hugh L. Bigger; Sallie C. Bloomer; Joseph E. Bochnik; Alan T. Brock; Vincent T. Burke; William Caballero; Dennis M. Callahan; William T. Carey; Lawrence P. Chambers; Garfield Clark, Jr.; John M. Cleary, Jr.; Edward J. Collins; Frank Costa; Paul T. Decillis; Frank J. DeGennaro; Charles J. DePalma; Joseph W. Decker; Donald P. Delaney; James Docherty; Albert J. Drake; Bruce C. Dunning; James P. Aloi; Senior B. Auld; Joseph J. Barrett; Louis A. Battistello; Claus J. Bebensee; Robert J. Berry; Wayne E. Beyea; Daniel E. Bishop; Harold T. Bloomer, III; June M. Bradley; Herman C. Brown, Jr.; Thomas J. Butler; Patrick J. Caffery; Martin A. Card; Kevin D. Cavanagh; Rodger W. Chillemi; Robert F. Cleary; Neil A. Colello; Anthony Coppo; Lennie Daniels; Edward L. DeFisher; Solomon DeJesus; Charles J. Dechon; Louis R. Deltoro; John J. DiPofi; Randolph B. Donaldson; Henry H. Dunn; John P. Dunning; Elkan Eastman; Steven A. Ercole; Preston L. Felton; Stewart F. Field, Jr.; Mark Fischer; Gary F. Forshee; John E. Fuller; Albert G. Gerhart; Stanley R. Glover; Orlando V. Gonzalez; Harold Griffiths; Paul R. Hans; Gregory J. Harlin; Robert A. Hartmann; Robert B. Hayes; Robert Henderson; Russell G. Hicks; Walter T. Holloway; Wayne Huggler; Jorge J. Ibanez-Delgado; Salvatore Indelicatu; Paul T. Johnson; Kenneth T. Jones; George A. Jurak; Paul H. Kelly; Peter L. Kirk; Thomas G. Kleinhans; Anthony S. Kolakoski; George W. Elston; Roger L. Fairchild; David R. Ferringer; Carlos E. Figueroa; Mary E. Fitzpatrick; Charles W. Foster; Robert E. Fuller; Robert F. Giery; David H. Goggin; Gilbert N. Green, Jr.; John J. Grimmke; Jon B. Hansen; Edward C. Hartmann; Paul J. Hasselmann; Stephan A. Hegarty; Thomas K. Herrick; Jerome Holland; Joseph W. Holly; Johannes A. Hurbanek; Juan C. Inclan; Hector M. Jimenez; Douglas W. Johnstone; Lawrence Jonigan; Leonard C. Kasson; John M. Kennedy; Allan W. Kirkwood; Michael A. Klusacek; Charles F. Koran; Eric W. Kruger; Donna L. Lampert; George W. Lawson; Robert H. Lewis; Dominick A. Magro; Thomas D. Manaher; William J. Mante; Donald B. Markert; Charles A. Martin; Edward C. Martinez; John J. McCabe; Terrence P. McCormick; Roberto McFarlane; Thomas H. McHugh; Robert F. McLean; Thomas S. Meehan; Thomas J. Miller; Edward P. Moffe; Robert L. Monroe; William P. Morsheimer; Gregory Mosley; Martin Mulligan; James J. Murphy, Jr.; Stephen Nevins; Thaddeus A. Niksa; John J. Noonan; John O'Brien; John E. O'Keefe; Paul G. Kunar; John G. Lang; Christos G. Lecakes; Steven G. Louder; Issac A. Mallard; Michael T. Manning; David P. Marchitell; Dennis D. Marsh; Harold A. Martin; Robert A. Maurin; Donald T. McConville; John W. McCroary; Richard L. McGee; Charles J. McKenna; Charles J. McLoughlin; Jose A. Mendez; John R. Mitchell; Bruce A. Monforte; Gordon T. Mosher; Terrence F. Mullen; Robert W. Murphy; Reginald A. Nau; James J. Newell; Dennis J. Nolan; Vincent S. Notaro; William L. O'Brien; Terrence P. O'Mara; James P. O'Neill; Stephen J. Oates; John D. Odell; John A. Olquist; Michael Orrego; Ted M. Palmer; Stanley F. Pawelek; Robert R. Phenes; Robert E. Pineau; Edward Raso; George P. Rebhan; Daniel J. Regini; Louis E. Retzer; Jose Rivera; Robert W. Rochler; Michael J. Rogan; Mario A. Romain; Steve M. Sadowski; Paul M. Salvino; Bruce L. Schocken; George J. Schweikart; Richard L. Shearer; John H. Shultis; Roger D. Smith; Luis A. Soto; John P. Spencer, Jr.; Thomas Fred Starace; Roy L. Streever; Thomas M. O'Neill; Richard J. Ocenasek; Robert L. Odell; Richard Olsen; Steven Ortiz; William J. Palmer; Everett H. Pearsall; Kathleen R. Pierino; George C. Pinther; Gerald L. Rauber; Michael S. Reeves; Daniel J. Reidy; James M. Rielly; Robert S. Robles; Louis F. Rodriguez; Richard B. Rogers; Victor P. Rosati; Thomas F. Salmon; Errol I. Sasso; Robert L. Schraff; James Serrano; Lawrence A. Shewark, Jr.; Frederick H. Slanovec; Vincent J. Snyder; Dennis Spanitz; William G. Sprague; Jack S. Stenberg; Paul F. Sweetman; Patrick D. Sylvestre; Gerald Tiernan; Luis E. Torres; Derek Tudor; Dale A. Valentine; Luis Velez; Kevin W. Walsh; William R. Whalen; Thomas M. Wolf; Henry G. Youngblood; Richard D. Thurston; Jose L. Torres; Thomas C. Tucker; Michael R. Urbanski; John Vandermolen, Jr.; Robert T. Venezia; Donald K. Wentworth, Jr.; Arthur C. Wilson, III; Charles E. Wood; Thomas H. Zimmer, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. Thomas A. CONSTANTINE, as Superintendent of the Division of the New York State Police; Division of the New York State Police; State of New York, Defendants-Appellants.

United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.

Decided August 23, 1993.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Alan S. Kaufman, Albany, NY (Robert Abrams, Atty. Gen., State of NY, Peter H. Schiff, Deputy Sol. Gen., Albany, NY, of counsel), for defendants-appellants State of NY, Thomas A. Constantine, and Div. of NY State Police.

Paul L. Frieden, Washington, DC (Judith E. Kramer, Monica Gallagher, William J. Stone, U.S. Dept. of Labor, William Kanter, Bruce G. Forrest, Civ. Div., U.S. Dept. of Justice, of counsel), for plaintiff-appellee Secretary of Labor.

Gregory K. McGillivary, Washington, DC (Thomas A. Woodley, Mulholland & Hickey, Washington, DC, Douglas L. Steele, Blitman & King, Syracuse, NY, Jan M. Smolak, Michaels & Bell, Auburn, NY, of counsel), for plaintiffs-appellees Gerald J. Long et al.

Stuart E. Schiffer, Acting Asst. Atty. Gen., Gary L. Sharpe, U.S. Atty., William Kanter, Bruce G. Forrest, Appellate Staff, Civ. Div., Dept. of Justice, submitted a brief on behalf of U.S., as intervenor.

Before: MESKILL and McLAUGHLIN, Circuit Judges, and COVELLO, District Judge.


McLAUGHLIN, Circuit Judge:

The State of New York appeals from two orders entered in the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York (Con. J. Cholakis, J.) in procedurally separate — but substantively similar — actions brought under the Fair Labor Standards Act ("FLSA"). The pivotal issue in both cases is whether Investigators of the New York State Police Bureau of Criminal Investigation...

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