CATAWBA INDIAN TRIBE v. STATE OF S.C.

No. 90-2446.

978 F.2d 1334 (1992)

CATAWBA INDIAN TRIBE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, also known as the Catawba Nation of South America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, Richard Riley, as Governor of the State of South Carolina; County of Lancaster, and its county council consisting of Francis L. Bell, as Chairman, Fred E. Plyler, Eldridge Emory, Robert L. Mobley, Barry L. Mobley, L. Eugene Hudson, Lindsay Pettus, City of Rock Hill, J. Emmett Jerome, as Mayor, and its City Council consisting of Melford A. Wilson, Elizabeth D. Rhea, Maxine Gill, Winston Searles, A. Douglas Echols, Frank W. Berry, Sr., Bowater North American Corporation of America, Catawba Timber Co., Celanese Corporation of America, Citizens and Southern National Bank of South Carolina, Cresent Land & Timber Corp., Duke Power Company, Flint Realty and Construction Company, Herald Publishing Company, Home Federal Savings and Loan Association, Rock Hill Printing & Finishing Company, Roddey Estates, Inc., Southern Railway Company, Springs Mills, Inc., J.P. Stevens & Company, Tega Cay Associates, Wachovia Bank and Trust Company, Ashe Brick Company, Church Heritage Village & Missionary Fellowship, Nisbet Farms, Inc., C.H. Albright, Ned Albright, J.W. Anderson, Jr., John Marshall Wilkins, II, Jesse G. Anderson, John Wesley Anderson, David Goode Anderson, W.B. Ardrey, Jr., Elizabeth Ardrey Grimball, John W. Ardrey, Ardrey Farms, F.S. Barnes, Jr., W. Watson Barron, Wilson Barron, Archie B. Carroll, Jr., Hugh William Close, James Bradley, Francis Lay Springs, Lillian Crandal Close, Francis Allison Close, Leroy Springs Close, Patricia Close, William Elliot Close, Hugh William Close, Jr., Robert A. Fewell, W.J. Harris, Annie F. Harris, T.W. Hutchinson, Hiram Hutchinson, Jr., J.R. McAlhaney, F.M. Mack, Jr., Arnold F. Marshall, J.E. Marshall, Jr., C.E. Reid, Jr., Will R. Simpson, John S. Simpson, Robert F. Simpson, Thomas Brown Snodgrass, Jr., John M. Spratt, Marshall E. Walker, Hugh M. White, Jr., John M. Belk, Jane Nisbet Goode, R.N. Bencher, W.O. Nisbet, III, Pauline B. Gunter, J. Max Minson, W.A. McCorkle, Mary McCorkle, William O. Nisbet, Eugenia Nisbet White, Mary Nisbet Purvis, E.N. Martin, Robert M. Yoder, Defendants-Appellees.

United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.

Decided September 22, 1992.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

Jay Bender, Baker, Barwick, Ravenel & Bender, Columbia, S.C., argued (Don B. Miller, Native American Rights Fund, Boulder, Colo., Robert M. Jones, Rock Hill, S.C., Richard Steele, Union, S.C., for plaintiff-appellant.

James Linwood Quarles, III, Hale & Dorr, Boston, Mass., Michael John Giese, Leatherwood, Walker, Todd & Mann, P.C., Greenville, S.C., argued. James D. St. Clair, William F. Lee, Hale & Dorr, Boston, Mass., J.D. Todd, Jr., Leatherwood, Walker, Todd & Mann, P.C., Greenville, S.C., John C. Christie, Jr., J. William Hayton, David M. Novak, Bell, Boyd & Lloyd, Washington, D.C., Dan M. Byrd, Jr., Mitchell K. Byrd, Byrd & Byrd, David A. White, Carolyn W. Rogers, Roddey, Carpenter & White, P.A., Rock Hill, S.C., T. Travis Medlock, Atty. Gen., Kenneth P. Woodington, Asst. Atty. Gen., State of S.C., Columbia, S.C., Joseph W. Grier, Jr., J. Cameron Furr, Jr., Grier & Grier, P.A., Charlotte, N.C., W.C. Spencer, Emil W. Wald, Spencer & Spencer, P.A., Rock Hill, S.C., for defendants-appellees.

Before WIDENER, HALL, MURNAGHAN, SPROUSE, NIEMEYER, and LUTTIG, Circuit Judges, sitting in banc.


WIDENER, Circuit Judge:

The Catawba Indian Tribe appeals from an order of the district court granting summary judgment in favor of certain defendants as to a number of parcels of real estate on the ground that those defendants had established the adverse possession requirements of South Carolina. We affirm in part, reverse in part, and vacate and remand in part.

This litigation began when the Tribe filed a complaint and motion to certify a defendant class...

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