WESTERN UNION INTERNATIONAL, INC., Petitioner,
v.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION and the United States of America, Respondents, Communications Satellite Corporation, American Broadcasting Companies, Inc., International Relay, Inc., TRT Telecommunications Corporation, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, Intervenors.
RCA GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS, INC., Petitioner,
v.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION and the United States of America, Respondents,
International Relay, Inc., American Telephone and Telegraph Company, Hawaiian Telephone Company, Intervenors.
ITT WORLD COMMUNICATIONS, INC., Petitioner,
v.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION and the United States of America, Respondents,
American Telephone and Telegraph Company, International Relay, Inc., Intervenors.
ITT WORLD COMMUNICATIONS INC., Petitioner,
v.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION and the United States of America, Respondents
International Relay, Inc., Communications Satellite Corporation, RCA Global Communications, Inc., American Telephone and Telegraph Company, Aeronautical Radio, Inc., American Broadcasting Companies, Inc., et al., SIN, Inc., Dow Jones and Company, Inc., Intervenors.
MCI INTERNATIONAL, INC., Petitioner,
v.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION and the United States of America, Respondents,
International Relay, Inc., Communications Satellite Corporation, RCA Global Communications, Inc., American Telephone and Telegraph Company, Aeronautical Radio, Inc., SIN, Inc., Dow Jones and Company, Inc., Intervenors.
FEDEX INTERNATIONAL TRANSMISSION CORPORATION, Petitioner,
v.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION and the United States of America, Respondents,
International Relay, Inc., Aeronautical Radio, Inc., SIN, Inc., American Telephone and Telegraph Company, Communications Satellite Corporation, Intervenors.
MCI INTERNATIONAL, INC., Petitioner,
v.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION and the United States of America, Respondents,
International Relay, Inc., Aeronautical Radio, Inc., SIN, Inc., American Telephone and Telegraph Company, Communications Satellite Corporation, Intervenors.
United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit.https://leagle.com/images/logo.png
Argued September 16, 1986.
Decided October 31, 1986.
Attorney(s) appearing for the Case
Robert E. Conn, with whom Robert Michelson, Washington, D.C., was on the joint brief for petitioners, Western Union Intern., Inc., et al., in Nos. 84-1202, 85-1162, 85-1450 and 85-1451. William J. Byrnes and Nathaniel P. Breed, Washington, D.C., also entered appearances for Western Union Intern., Inc., et al.
Alexander P. Humphrey, Washington, D.C. entered an appearance for petitioner, RCA Global Communications, Inc., in No. 84-1235 and intervenor in Nos. 85-1155 and 85-1162.
Theodore J. Fischkin, New York City, entered an appearance for petitioner, ITT World Communications, Inc., in Nos. 84-1261 and 85-1155.
Steven A. Levy, with whom Kevin C. Boyle and Steven R. Miles, Washington, D.C., were on the brief for intervenor, Intern. Relay, Inc., in Nos. 84-1202, 85-1235, 84-1261, 85-1155, 85-1162, 85-1450 and 85-1451.
John E. Ingle, Deputy Associate Gen. Counsel, F.C.C., with whom Jack D. Smith, Gen. Counsel, Daniel M. Armstrong, Associate Gen. Counsel, Nancy E. Stanley, Asst. Gen. Counsel, F.C.C., Catherine G. O'Sullivan and Robert J. Wiggers, Attys., Dept. of Justice, Washington, D.C., were on the brief for respondents. Barry Grossman, Nancy C. Garrison, Robert B. Nicholson and Andrea Limmer, Attys., Dept. of Justice, Washington, D.C., also entered appearances for respondents.
Sally Katzen, with whom J. Roger Wollenberg, Neal T. Kilminster, John S. Hannon, Jr., and Keith H. Fagan, Washington, D.C., were on the brief for intervenor, Communications Satellite Corp., in Nos. 84-1202, 85-1155, 85-1162, 85-1450 and 85-1451.
John L. Bartlett, Robert J. Butler, Douglas B. Jordan and Carl R. Frank, Washington, D.C., were on the brief for intervenor, Aeronautical Radio, Inc., in Nos. 85-1155, 85-1162, 85-1450 and 85-1451.
Joseph M. Kittner, Randolph J. May, Washington, D.C., Robert J. Kaufman, New York City, Joseph DeFranco and Howard Monderer, Washington, D.C., entered appearances for intervenors, American Broadcasting Companies, Inc., et al., in Nos. 84-1202 and 85-1155.
Lloyd D. Young, Washington, D.C., entered an appearance for intervenor, TRT Telecommunications Corp., in No. 84-1202.
Sanford Tannenbaum, Detroit, Mich., Shant J. Harootunian and Ivars V. Mellups, Basking Ridge, N.J., entered appearances for intervenor, American Tel. and Tel. Co., in Nos. 84-1202, 84-1235, 84-1261, 85-1155, 85-1162, 85-1450 and 85-1451.
James R. Hobson and Gail L. Polivy, Washington, D.C., entered appearances for intervenor, Hawaiian Telephone Co., in No. 84-1235.
Norman P. Leventhal, Washington, D.C., entered an appearance for intervenor, SIN, Inc., in Nos. 85-1155, 85-1162, 85-1450 and 85-1451.
Thomas Pace, Princeton, N.J., entered an appearance for intervenor, Dow Jones and Co., Inc., in Nos. 85-1155 and 85-1162.
Before EDWARDS, GINSBURG and STARR, Circuit Judges.
United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit.
Opinion for the Court filed by Circuit Judge STARR.
STARR, Circuit Judge:
This case returns us to the world of international telecommunications. Under review are two decisions by the Federal Communications Commission that significantly affect the structure of the international telecommunications industry. See Authorized User on Remand (Authorized User III), 100 F.C.C.2d 177 (1985), Joint Appendix (J.A.) at 306; Direct Access, 97 F.C.C.2d 296 (1984)...
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