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  5. 349 U.S. 133 (1955)
 

IN RE MURCHISON.

No. 405.

349 U.S. 133 (1955)

IN RE MURCHISON ET AL.

Supreme Court of United States.

Decided May 16, 1955.

Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

William L. Colden argued the cause for petitioners. With him on the brief were James A. Cobb, George E. C. Hayes and Charles W. Jones.

Edmund E. Shepherd, Solicitor General, argued the cause for the State of Michigan, respondent. With him on the brief were Thomas M. Kavanagh, Attorney General, and Daniel J. O'Hara, Assistant Attorney General.

MR. JUSTICE BLACK delivered the opinion of the Court.

Michigan law authorizes any judge of its courts of record to act as a so-called "one-man grand jury."1 He can compel witnesses to appear before him in secret to testify about suspected crimes. We have previously held that such a Michigan "judge-grand jury" cannot consistently with the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment summarily convict a witness of contempt for

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