MASSACHUSETTS v. E.P.A.

No. 05-1120.

127 S.Ct. 1438 (2007)

549 U.S. 497

167 L.Ed.2d 248

MASSACHUSETTS et al., Petitioners, v. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY et al.

Supreme Court of United States.

Decided April 2, 2007.


Attorney(s) appearing for the Case

James R. Milkey , Boston, MA, for petitioners.

Gregory G. Garre , Washington, D.C., for respondents.

Thomas F. Reilly , Attorney General of Massachusetts, Lisa Heinzerling , Special Assistant Attorney General, Washington, D.C., James R. Milkey , Counsel of Record, William L. Pardee , Carol Iancu , Assistant Attorneys General, Boston, MA, Bill Lockyer , Attorney General of California, Marc N. Melnick , Nicholas Stern , Deputy Attorneys General, Oakland, CA, Richard Blumenthal , Attorney General of Connecticut, Kimberly Massicotte , Matthew Levin , Assistant Attorneys General, Hartford, CT, Lisa Madigan , Attorney General of Illinois, Matthew J. Dunn , Gerald T. Karr , Assistant Attorneys General, Chicago, IL, G. Steven Rowe , Attorney General of Maine, Gerald D. Reid , Assistant Attorney General, Augusta, ME, Stuart Rabner , Attorney General of New Jersey, Stefanie A. Brand , Kevin P. Auerbacher , Lisa Morelli , Deputy Attorneys General, Trenton, NJ, Patricia A. Madrid , Attorney General of New Mexico, Stuart M. Bluestone , Deputy Attorney General, Stephen R. Ferris , Judith Ann Moore , Assistant Attorneys General, Sante Fe, NM, Eliot Spitzer , Attorney General of New York, Caitlin J. Halligan , Solicitor General, J. Jared Snyder , Assistant Attorneys General, New York, NY, Hardy Myers Attorney General of Oregon, Philip Schradle , Special Counsel to the Attorney General, Richard Whitman , Assistant Attorney General, Oregon Dept. of Justice, Salem, OR, Patrick C. Lynch , Attorney General of Rhode Island, Tricia K. Jedele , Special Assistant Attorney General, Providence, RI, William H. Sorrell , Attorney General of Vermont, Kevin O. Leske , Assistant Attorney General, Montpelier, VT, Rob McKenna , Attorney General of Washington, Leslie R. Seffern , Assistant Attorney General, Jay D. Geck , Deputy Solicitor General, Olympia, WA, Robert J. Spagnoletti , Attorney General of the District of Columbia, Todd S. Kim , Solicitor General, Donna Murasky , Senior Assistant Attorney General, South Washington, D.C., Malaetasi M. Togafau , Attorney General of American Samoa, Pago Pago, American Samoa, Michael Cardozo , Corporation Counsel, City of New York, Susan Kath Scott Pasternack , Tracy Triplett , Assistant Corporation Counsel, New York, NY, Ralph S. Tyler , City Solicitor, City of Baltimore, William Phelan, Jr. , Principal Counsel, Baltimore City Dept. of Law, Baltimore, MD, Julie Teel , San Diego, CA, Counsel for Center for Biological Diversity, Joseph Mendelson III , Washington, DC, Counsel for International Center for Technology Assessment, Center for Food Safety, Environmental Advocates, and Greenpeace, Seth Kaplan , Boston, MA, Counsel for Conservation Law Foundation, James B. Tripp , New York, NY, Counsel for Environmental Defense, Brian Dunkiel , Shems Dunkiel Kassel & Saunders PLLC, Burlington, Vermont, Danielle Fugere , San Francisco, CA, Counsel for Friends of the Earth, John M. Stanton , Washington, DC, Counsel for National Environmental Trust, David Doniger , Washington, DC, Counsel for Natural Resources Defense Council, David Bookbinder , Washington, DC, Howard Fox , Washington, DC, Counsel for Sierra Club, Alexandra Schulte , Washington, DC, Counsel for Union of Concerned Scientists, Alex Fidis , Washington, DC, Counsel for U.S. Public Interest Research Group, for Petitioners.

Kenneth W. Starr , Stuart A.C. Drake , Andrew B. Clubok , Ashley C. Parrish , Derek S. Bentsen , Kirkland & Ellis LLP, Washington, D.C., Richard A. Cordray , Grove City, Ohio, Theodore B. Olson , Counsel of Record, Miguel A. Estrada , David Debold , Matthew D. McGill , Amir Tayrani , Gibson , Dunn & Crutcher LLP, Washington, D.C., for Respondents.

Norman W. Fichthorn , Counsel of Record, Allison D. Wood , Hunton & Williams LLP, Washington, D.C. for Respondent Utility Air Regulatory Group.

Russell S. Frye , FryeLaw PLLC, Washington, DC, Counsel of Record for Intervenor-Respondent CO2 Litigation Group, Of Counsel: Dell E. Perelman , Vice President and General Counsel, Leslie A. Hulse , Assistant General Counsel, American Chemistry Council, Arlington, VA, Richard Wasserstrom , American Forest & Paper Association, Washington, DC, Harry M. Ng , General Counsel, Ralph J. Colleli, Jr. , American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC, Nick Goldstein , Staff Attorney, American Road and Transportation Builders Association, Washington, DC, Jan S. Amundson , Senior Vice President & General Counsel, Quentin Riegel , Vice President, Litigation & Deputy General Counsel, National Association of Manufacturers, Washington, DC, Robin S. Conrad , National Chamber Litigation Center, Inc., Washington, DC, Bob Slaughter , President & General Counsel, National Petrochemical & Refiners Association, Washington, DC, John L. Wittenborn , Kelley Drye , Collier Shannon , Washington, DC, for Respondent CO2 Litigation Group.

Roger R. Martella, Jr. , Acting General Counsel, Carol S. Holmes , Attorney, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., Paul D. Clement , Solicitor General, Counsel of Record, Sue Ellen Wooldridge , Assistant Attorney General, Gregory G. Garre , Thomas G. Hungar , Deputy Solicitors General, Malcolm L. Stewart , Assistant to the Solicitor General, Jon M. Lipshultz , Attorney, Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., for Federal Respondent.

Michael A. Cox , Michigan Attorney General, Thomas L. Casey , Michigan Solicitor General, Counsel of Record, Lansing, MI, Alan F. Hoffman , Neil D. Gordon , Assistant Attorneys General, for the State of Michigan, for the State of Texas, Greg Abbott , Attorney General, Karen W. Kornell , Assistant Attorney General, Chief, Natural Resources Division, Jane Atwood , Assistant Attorney General, Austin, Texas, for the State of Ohio, Jim Petro , Attorney General, Dale T. Vitale , Senior Deputy, Attorney General, Environmental Enforcement Section, Columbus, Ohio, for respondent states of Michigan, North Dakota, Utah, South Dakota, Alaska, Kansas, Nebraska, Texas, and Ohio.


A well-documented rise in global temperatures has coincided with a significant increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Respected scientists believe the two trends are related. For when carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere, it acts like the ceiling of a greenhouse...

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